Wrongful death lawsuits are not an option open to just anyone. The law limits them to only a small group of people who can file them.
Wrongful death claims are available only to the next of kin. The next kin is a concept mainly used in estate law. It refers to close relatives. In many cases, the person with the most claim is a spouse. After that, it would be children, followed by parents and siblings. The court allows moving through the bloodlines to find the closest related person if a person dies without a spouse, children, parents or siblings.
Next of kin is important in a wrongful death case because it allows for the right to claim money on behalf of the situation to only a select few. It prevents random people from bringing such cases, which would be a strain on the legal system and could violate the rights of the accused.
The law works on the idea of next of kin because the goal of a wrongful death lawsuit is to ensure the people who will suffer the most financially get compensation. If a person who has no relation to the person who died and who benefited in no way financially from that person tries to make a claim, it could rob the family who did rely on the person for financial needs to not be able to get compensation.
By requiring only the next of kin to benefit from a wrongful death claim, the law ensures the rightful people recoup losses and expenses.